Dementia

delirium is an organic brain syndrome which results in global cognitive impairments. Dementia stooge occur as a result of a variety of neurological diseases. Some of the more well cognise dementing diseases include Alzheimers disease (AD), multi-infarct dementia (MID), and Huntingtons disease (HD). throughout this quiz the emphasis will be placed on AD (also known as dementia of the Alzheimers type, and primary degenerative dementia), because statistically it is the most significant dementing disease occurring in over 50% of demented long-sufferings (see epidemiology).

The clinical picture in dementia is truly similar to delirium, except for the course. Delirium is an acute transitory disorder. By contrast Dementia is a long term imperfect tense disorder (with the exception of the reversible dementias). The course of AD can range anywhere from 1.5 to 15 years with an aver suppurate of virtually 8.1 years (Terry , 1988). AD is usually divided into three stages mild, chairman, and severe. Throughout these stages a specific sequence of cognitive deterioration is discovered (Lezak, 1993). The mild stage begins with memory, attention, speed dependent activities, and abstract reasoning dysfunction. overly mild language impairments begin to surface. In the moderate stage, language deficits such as aphasia and apraxia become prominent. Dysfluency, paraphasias, and bizz are word combinations are common midstage speech defects. In the severe stage the patient is gradually reduced to a vegetative state.



Speech becomes nonfluent, repetitive, and for the most part non-communicative. Auditory comprehension is exceedingly restrict, with umteen patients displaying partial or complete mutism. Late in the course of the disease many neuropsychological functions can no longer be measured. Also primitive reflexes such as grasp and suck emerge. final stage usually results from a disease such as pneumonia which overwhelms the limited vegetative functions of the patient.

Dementia is commonly differentiated along two dimensions: age and cortical level. The first dimension, age,

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